{"id":12596,"date":"2024-08-21T15:20:56","date_gmt":"2024-08-21T15:20:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%E8%A9%B3%E3%81%97%E3%81%8F%E8%A7%A3%E8%AA%AC\/"},"modified":"2024-08-21T15:20:56","modified_gmt":"2024-08-21T15:20:56","slug":"%E3%82%B1%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%E8%A9%B3%E3%81%97%E3%81%8F%E8%A7%A3%E8%AA%AC","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=12596","title":{"rendered":"\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><div><h2>\u5c0e\u5165<\/h2><div><div><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"aligncenter\" onerror=\"this.style.display=none;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/f6LaNGJuAFM\/0.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;\"\/><\/figure><div>\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u30012008\u5e74\u3002<\/div><\/div><\/div><p><b>\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30b8\u30e7\u30bb\u30d5\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\uff08Kenneth Joseph Arrow<\/b> \u30011921\u5e748\u670823\u65e5\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u5f7c\u306f 1972 \u5e74\u306e\u300c\u30ce\u30fc\u30d9\u30eb\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8cde\u300d\u306e\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30d2\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u306e\u5171\u540c\u53d7\u8cde\u8005\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u6d3e (\u3064\u307e\u308a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u5f8c) \u306e\u5275\u59cb\u8005\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\" class=\"aligncenter\" onerror=\"this.style.display=none;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/Nbv8SZrLZXY\/0.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;\"\/><\/figure><h2>\u30d0\u30a4\u30aa\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc<\/h2><p><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=12596\">\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9 \u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306f<\/a><\/span>\u3001\u30bf\u30a6\u30f3\u30bc\u30f3\u30c8 \u30cf\u30ea\u30b9\u9ad8\u6821 (\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af) \u3067\u5b66\u3093\u3060\u5f8c\u30011\u200b\u200b940 \u5e74\u306b<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=22164\">\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af<\/a><\/span>\u5e02\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u5b66\u58eb\u53f7\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u30011941 \u5e74\u306b<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=89139\">\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u3067\u4fee\u58eb\u53f7\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u535a\u58eb\u53f7\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1951 1946 \u5e74\u304b\u3089 1949 \u5e74\u307e\u3067\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u751f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u307e\u305f<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=79319\">\u30b7\u30ab\u30b4\u5927\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u306e<i>\u30ab\u30a6\u30eb\u30ba\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a<\/i>\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u3068\u3057\u3066<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=82055\">\u904e\u3054\u3057<\/a><\/span>\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001<span>\u30b7\u30ab\u30b4<\/span><span>\u5927\u5b66<\/span>\u3067\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u306e\u975e\u5e38\u52e4\u6559\u6388\u3082\u52d9\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 1951 \u5e74\u306b\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u535a\u58eb\u53f7\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=58711\">\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u306e <span>\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30ba\u30ea\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1<\/span>\u306e\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p><p>\u5f7c\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b<span title=\"\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\uff08\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\uff09\">\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u60c5\u5831<\/span>\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b<span>\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u3078\u306e\u8ca2\u732e\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30b8\u30e7\u30fc\u30b8\u30fbW\u30fb\u30d6\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u5927\u7d71\u9818\u304b\u3089\u7c73\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u306e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=87911\">\u79d1\u5b66\u7684<\/a><\/span>\u6804\u8a89\u3067\u3042\u308b2004\u5e74\u56fd\u5bb6<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=43242\">\u79d1\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u52f2\u7ae0\u3092\u53d7\u8cde\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u6559\u7687\u5e81\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=73875\">\u30a2\u30ab\u30c7\u30df\u30fc<\/a><\/span>\u306e\u5275\u8a2d\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u6c0f\u306f<i>\u3001\u5e73\u548c\u3068\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30df\u30b9\u30c8<\/i>\u306e\u7406\u4e8b\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u3001\u65b0\u53e4\u5178<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=11998\">\u7406\u8ad6<\/a><\/span>\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6280\u8853\u7684\u5909\u5316\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u7d4c\u9a13\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u63a8\u9032\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p>\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u306f\u8a08\u308a\u77e5\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 50 \u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u6700\u3082\u6ce8\u76ee\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u308b\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8005\u306e 1 \u4eba\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u306e\u5f7c\u306e\u60aa\u540d\u306f\u5f7c\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<span>\u5b9a\u7406<\/span>\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066<span title=\"\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9078\u629e\u7406\u8ad6\uff08\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff09\">\u793e\u4f1a\u9078\u629e\u7406\u8ad6<\/span>\u3001\u5185\u751f\u7684\u6210\u9577\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u60c5\u5831\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u5f7c\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3078\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ca2\u732e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u5b9f\u8df5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=34982\">\u5b66\u3076<\/a><\/span>\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u521d\u3081\u3066\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u5f7c\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5e02\u5834\u306e\u500b\u4eba\u306f\u3001\uff08\u9593\u9055\u3044\u304b\u3089\uff09\u5b66\u3076\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ea4\u63db\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8abf\u6574\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><h2>\u4f5c\u54c1<\/h2><h3><span>\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9a\u7406<\/span><\/h3><p>\u5f7c\u306e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=32366\">\u8ad6\u6587<\/a><\/span><i>\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9078\u629e<\/i><i>\u3068\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u4fa1\u5024<\/i>\u89b3\u300d\u3067\u5b9f\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9a\u7406\u306f\u3001\u96c6\u56e3\u7684\u9078\u629e\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u300c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u300d\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u9078\u629e\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u4e00\u822c\u5229\u76ca\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3002\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=45702\">\u30d1\u30e9\u30c9\u30c3\u30af\u30b9<\/a><\/span>\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3053\u306e\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30d9\u30e9\u30eb\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8005\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u306e\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5074\u9762\u304c\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u305d\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3068\u306f\u9650\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p><p><i>\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5b9a\u7406<\/i>: (1) \u9078\u597d\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u767a\u8a00\u306e\u9078\u597d\u306b\u5236\u9650\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001(2) \u72ec\u88c1\u5236\u3092\u8ab2\u3059\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u9078\u597d\u3092\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u306a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a (\u6295\u7968) \u30eb\u30fc\u30eb<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=8194\">\u306f<\/a><\/span>\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\" class=\"aligncenter\" onerror=\"this.style.display=none;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/MpTMCkN1xC4\/0.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;\"\/><\/figure><h3><span>\u4e00\u822c\u5e73\u8861\u7406\u8ad6<\/span><\/h3><p>\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u30b8\u30a7\u30e9\u30fc\u30eb\u30fb\u30c9\u30a5\u30d6\u30eb\u30fc\u3068\u5171\u540c\u3067\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u304b\u3064\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u5e02\u5834\u5747\u8861\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u8a3c\u660e\u3092\u521d\u3081\u3066\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4ee5\u6765\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u7d14\u7c8b\u3067\u5b8c\u74a7\u306a\u7af6\u6280\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u73fe\u4ee3\u7248\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><h3><span>\u5b9f\u8df5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/span><\/h3><p>\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u9577\u671f\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u6210\u9577\u306e\u8d77\u6e90\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u52aa\u3081\u305f\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u6c0f\u306b\u3088\u308c\u3070\u3001\u751f\u7523\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u52b9\u7387\u306f\u5b9f\u8df5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u751f\u7523\u7684\u306a<span>\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u306f<\/span>\u5b9f\u8df5\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3059\u308b<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=39804\">\u307b\u3069<\/a><\/span>\u52b9\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ed\u30fc\u30de\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u6210\u9577\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u304c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5185\u751f\u7684\u6210\u9577\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3053\u306e\u5206\u6790\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><h3><span>\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u4f5c\u54c1\u3084\u8a18\u4e8b<\/span><\/h3><ul><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">en<\/abbr> )<\/span> 1949 \u5e74\u3001<i>\u9010\u6b21\u6c7a\u5b9a\u554f\u984c\u306e\u30d9\u30a4\u30ba\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30df\u30cb\u30de\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u89e3\u6cd5\u3001<\/i> D. \u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u30a6\u30a7\u30eb\u304a\u3088\u3073 MA \u30ac\u30fc\u30b7\u30c3\u30af\u5171\u8457\u3001\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30ab<\/li><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">en<\/abbr> )<\/span> 1951 \u5e74\u3001<i>\u6700\u9069\u5728\u5eab\u653f\u7b56<\/i>\u3001T. \u30cf\u30ea\u30b9\u304a\u3088\u3073 J. \u30de\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30c3\u30af\u5171\u8457\u3001\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30ab<\/li><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">)<\/abbr><\/span> 1951 \u5e74\u3001<i>\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u6570\u5b66\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/i>\u3001\u30e9\u30fc\u30ca\u30fc\u3068\u30e9\u30b9\u30a6\u30a7\u30eb\u3001\u7de8\u96c6\u8005\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u79d1\u5b66<\/li><li><span>(<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">\u3067<\/abbr>)<\/span> 1951\u3001<i>\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9078\u629e\u3068\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u89b3<\/i><\/li><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">en<\/abbr> )<\/span> 1951\u3001<i>\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30c6\u30a4\u30af\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u9078\u629e\u7406\u8ad6\u3078\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1<\/i>\u3001\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30ab\u300119: 404-437<\/li><li> <span>(<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">\u3067<\/abbr>)<\/span> 1952\u30012<i>\u3064\u306e\u5546\u54c1\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u306b\u3088\u308b\u591a\u5546\u54c1\u9078\u597d\u5c3a\u5ea6\u306e\u6c7a\u5b9a<\/i>\u3001\u30e1\u30c8\u30ed\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30df\u30ab<\/li><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u8a9e\">fr<\/abbr> )<\/span> 1953 \u5e74\u3001<i>\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u8ca0\u62c5\u306e\u6700\u9069\u914d\u5206\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8a3c\u5238\u306e\u5f79\u5272<\/i>\u30011953 \u5e74\u3001\u8a08\u91cf\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66 &#8211; (1963 \u5e74\u3001RES)\u3002<\/li><li> <span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">)<\/abbr><\/span> 1953\u3001<i>\u7121\u77e5\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u30cf\u30fc\u30a6\u30a3\u30c3\u30c4\u306e\u6700\u9069\u6027\u57fa\u6e96\u300d\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30cb\u30ab\u30eb \u30ec\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8 6\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66<\/i><\/li><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">)<\/abbr><\/span> 1954 \u5e74\u3001\u30ec\u30aa\u30f3\u30c1\u30a7\u30d5 \u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8f38\u5165\u4ee3\u66ff\u3001\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30ab<\/li><li><span>(<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">\u3067<\/abbr>)<\/span> 1954 \u5e74\u3001 <i>\u300c\u7af6\u4e89\u7d4c\u6e08\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5747\u8861\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u300d<\/i> \u3001\u30b8\u30a7\u30e9\u30fc\u30eb\u30fb\u30c9\u30a5\u30d6\u30eb\u30fc\u5171\u8457\u3001\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30ab\u3002<\/li><li> <span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">en<\/abbr> )<\/span> 1959\u3001 <i>\u300c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u300d\u3001\u30e1\u30c8\u30ed\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30df\u30ab\u300111: 12-20<\/i><\/li><li> <span>(<abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">\u4e2d<\/abbr>)<\/span> 1959 \u5e74\u3001<i>\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9078\u629e\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u9806\u5e8f\u4ed8\u3051<\/i>\u3001\u30a8\u30b3\u30ce\u30df\u30ab<\/li><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">)<\/abbr><\/span> 1959 \u5e74\u3001 <i>\u300c\u4fa1\u683c\u8abf\u6574\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066<\/i>\u300d\u3001Moses Abramovitz et al.\u3001\u7de8\u3002\u7d4c\u6e08\u8cc7\u6e90\u306e\u914d\u5206: \u30d0\u30fc\u30ca\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b7\u30b9\u30fb\u30d8\u30a4\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u8b83\u3048\u308b\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u3002\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9: \u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c9\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u5c40<\/li><li><span>( <abbr class=\"abbr\" title=\"\u8a00\u8a9e: \u82f1\u8a9e\">in<\/abbr> )<\/span> 1962\u3001<i>\u5b9f\u8df5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5b66\u7fd2\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/i>\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u300129<\/li><\/ul><\/div><h2 class=\"ref_link\">\u53c2\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/h2><ol><li><a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%88\">\u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0631\u0648 \u2013 arabe<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/arz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88\">\u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0631\u0648 \u2013 arabe \u00e9gyptien<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/az.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kennet_Errou\">Kennet Errou \u2013 azerba\u00efdjanais<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/be.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E\">\u041a\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0437\u0435\u0444 \u042d\u0440\u043e\u045e \u2013 bi\u00e9lorusse<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/bg.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83\">\u041a\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0410\u0440\u043e\u0443 \u2013 bulgare<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/bn.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B\">\u0995\u09c7\u09a8\u09c7\u09a5 \u0985\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b0\u09cb \u2013 bengali<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"feature-video\">\n <h2>\n  \u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u30fb\u95a2\u9023\u52d5\u753b\n <\/h2>\n <div class=\"video-item\">\n  \n  <figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n   <div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n    https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=aN3ecepfyIA&#038;pp=ygU644Kx44ON44K544O744Ki44Ot44O844Gr44Gk44GE44Gm6Kmz44GX44GP6Kej6KqsJmhsPXtsYW5nfQ%3D%3D\n   <\/div>\n  <\/figure>\n  \n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5c0e\u5165 \u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u30012008\u5e74\u3002 \u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30b8\u30e7\u30bb\u30d5\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\uff08Kenneth Joseph Arrow \u30011921\u5e748\u670823\u65e5\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u5f7c\u306f 1972 \u5e74\u306e\u300c\u30ce\u30fc\u30d9\u30eb\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8cde\u300d\u306e\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30d2\u30c3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12597,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/uWYKfMboqEU\/0.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"\u30b1\u30cd\u30b9\u30fb\u30a2\u30ed\u30fc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[14350,14349,11,13,14,10,12,8,12567,16,15,9],"class_list":["post-12596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dictionary","tag-kenneth","tag-kenneth-arrow","tag-techniques","tag-technologie","tag-news","tag-actualite","tag-dossier","tag-definition","tag-arrow","tag-sciences","tag-article","tag-explications"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12596"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12596"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12596\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}