{"id":24414,"date":"2023-12-31T03:41:54","date_gmt":"2023-12-31T03:41:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%80%E3%83%A0%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%E8%A9%B3%E3%81%97%E3%81%8F%E8%A7%A3%E8%AA%AC\/"},"modified":"2023-12-31T03:41:54","modified_gmt":"2023-12-31T03:41:54","slug":"%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%80%E3%83%A0%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6%E8%A9%B3%E3%81%97%E3%81%8F%E8%A7%A3%E8%AA%AC","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=24414","title":{"rendered":"\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><div><h2>\u5c0e\u5165<\/h2><table cellspacing=\"7\"><tr><th colspan=\"2\">\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66<\/th><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u30b7\u30fc\u30eb.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" onerror=\"this.style.display=none;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/r0OCw5M1Q-4\/0.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;\"\/><\/figure><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u901a\u8ca8<\/th><td>\u30b5\u30d4\u30a8\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\u3068\u30c9\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30ca<br\/>()<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u5143\u306e\u540d\u524d<\/th><td>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66<\/td><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\">\u60c5\u5831<\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span>\u8ca1\u56e3<\/span><\/th><td>1841\u5e74<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u89aa\u5207<\/th><td>\u79c1\u7acb\u3001\u30ab\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3001\u30a4\u30a8\u30ba\u30b9\u4f1a<span>\u5927\u5b66<\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u5bc4\u4ed8\u91d1<\/th><td>3\u51047,200\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb<\/td><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\">\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=108665\">\u5e02<\/a><\/span><\/th><td><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=22164\">\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af<\/a><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=87413\">\u56fd<\/a><\/span><\/th><td>\u7c73\u56fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span>\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<\/span><\/th><td>\u90fd\u4f1a\u7684\u306a<\/td><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\">\u65b9\u5411<\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u793e\u9577<\/th><td>\u30b8\u30e7\u30bb\u30d5\u30fbM\u30fb\u30de\u30af\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30f3<\/td><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\">\u4e3b\u8981\u4eba\u7269<\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30d5<\/th><td>\u5e38\u52e4\u6559\u54e1\u6570 681\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u5b66\u751f<\/th><td>2,500<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><i>\u5b66\u90e8\u751f<\/i><\/th><td>8,430<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><i>\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u751f<\/i><\/th><td>7,579<\/td><\/tr><tr><th colspan=\"2\">\u305d\u306e\u4ed6<\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">\u30de\u30b9\u30b3\u30c3\u30c8<\/th><td><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=86331\">\u30e9\u30e0<\/a><\/span><\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\"><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=56327\">Web\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8<\/a><\/span><\/th><td>www.fordham.edu www.fordham.edu\/www.fordham.edu<\/td><\/tr><\/table><div><div> <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"aligncenter\" onerror=\"this.style.display=none;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/LmEr8PfuyVU\/0.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;\"\/><\/figure><div>\u5927\u5b66\u306e 2 \u3064\u306e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af \u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<\/div><\/div><\/div><p><b>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3001<\/b><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=17426\">\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af<\/a><\/span>\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u30ab\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u7cfb\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66<i>\u3067\u3059<\/i>\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u65bd\u8a2d\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30a4\u30a8\u30ba\u30b9\u4f1a\u306e\u4f1d\u7d71\u3068\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u304c\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30a4\u30a8\u30ba\u30b9<i>\u4f1a<\/i><i>\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u5354\u4f1a\u306e 28 \u306e\u4f1a\u54e1\u65bd\u8a2d\u306e 1 \u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002 <i>1998 \u5e74\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30b1\u5927\u5b66\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9<\/i>\u306b\u306f\u3001\u300c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30ab\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u306f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3001\u300c\u3053\u306e\u30ab\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u4f1d\u7d71\u306f\u3053\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u8cc7\u7523\u306e 1 \u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p> <i>US News &amp; World Report<\/i>\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u30012008 \u5e74\u306b\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u7c73\u56fd\u3067<sup>61 \u756a\u76ee\u306b<\/sup>\u512a\u308c\u305f\u5927\u5b66 (\u9ad8\u7b49<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=60881\">\u6559\u80b2<\/a><\/span>\u6a5f\u95a2 2,618 \u6821\u4e2d) \u306b\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 <i>BusinessWeek<\/i>\u8a8c\u306e\u30e9\u30f3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u540c\u6821\u306e\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb50\u4f4d\u306e\u30e9\u30f3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u3067<sup>27\u4f4d<\/sup><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=23588\">\u306b\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a<\/a><\/span>\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\uff08<i>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u30ed\u30fc\u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb<\/i>\uff09\u306f\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u90e8\u9580\u3067\u5168\u7c73<sup>25\u4f4d\u306b<\/sup>\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306f\u56fd\u5185\u3067\u6700\u3082\u9078\u3070\u308c\u308b 15 \u306e\u5b66\u90e8\u306e 1 \u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002 2004 \u5e74\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=10536\">\u516c\u52d9\u54e1<\/a><\/span>\u5b66\u90e8\u306f<i>US News &amp; World Report<\/i>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066<sup>14 \u4f4d<\/sup>\u306b\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306f\u6709\u540d\u3067\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u9078\u629c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u3059\u3002 2007 \u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u90e8\u306e 2,000 \u540d\u672a\u6e80<i>\u306e\u5b9a\u54e1<\/i>\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 22,000 \u4ef6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u5fdc\u52df\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u540c\u6821\u306f\u3001\u540d\u9580<i>\u30a2\u30a4\u30d3\u30fc\u30ea\u30fc\u30b0<\/i>\u306b\u6240\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u79c1\u7acb\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d3\u30a2\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u540c\u3058\u304f\u79c1\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3067\u3042\u308b<span>\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u5927\u5b66<\/span>\u306b\u6b21\u3050\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u5e02\u306e3\u5927\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e1\u3064\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p><p> 2003 \u5e74\u3001\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30af\u30b9 (\u30ed\u30fc\u30ba \u30d2\u30eb)\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=18724\">\u30de\u30f3\u30cf\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3<\/a><\/span>(\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc)\u3001\u30bf\u30ea\u30fc\u30bf\u30a6\u30f3\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u306b 15,000 \u4eba\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u3092\u5165\u5b66\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=55903\">\u6570\u5b57<\/a><\/span>\u306b\u306f<i>\u5b66\u90e8\u751f<\/i>\u3068<i>\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u751f<\/i>\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=43614\">\u5b66\u58eb<\/a><\/span>\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=17390\">\u4fee\u58eb<\/a><\/span>\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=34660\">\u535a\u58eb\u306e<\/a><\/span>3 \u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u5b66\u4f4d\u3092\u6388\u4e0e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><h2>\u6b74\u53f2<\/h2><h3><span>\u59cb\u307e\u308a (1841-1900)<\/span><\/h3><div><div> <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"aligncenter\" onerror=\"this.style.display=none;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/uuhful2x52w\/0.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;\"\/><\/figure><div>\u30ed\u30fc\u30ba\u30d2\u30eb\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u68df\u3002<\/div><\/div><\/div><p>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u6559\u533a\u306e\u88dc\u4f50\u5b98\uff08\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u5927\u53f8\u6559\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ba\u7267\u5e2b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066 1841 \u5e74\u306b<i>\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8 \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30ba\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e<i>\u5927\u5b66\u306f<\/i>\u3001\u7c73\u56fd<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=4276\">\u5317\u6771\u90e8<\/a><\/span>\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306e\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ba\u53f8\u6559\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3092\u8a2d\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u5f53\u6642<i>\u30a6\u30a7\u30b9\u30c8\u30c1\u30a7\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u90e1<\/i>\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30af\u30b9\u533a\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ba\u30d2\u30eb<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=104925\">\u90b8\u5b85\u3092<\/a><\/span>3\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u3067\u8cfc\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u300c\u30ed\u30fc\u30ba \u30d2\u30eb\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u88d5\u798f\u306a\u5546\u4eba\u30ed\u30d0\u30fc\u30c8 \u30ef\u30c3\u30c4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u306e\u51fa\u8eab\u5730\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30b9\u30b3\u30c3\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u540c\u540d\u306e\u5730\u57df\u306b\u3061\u306a\u3093\u3067\u30011797 \u5e74\u306b\u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306b\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p><p> 1841 \u5e74 6 \u6708 24 \u65e5\u306b\u958b\u6821\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001<i>\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8 \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30ba\u5927\u5b66\u306e<\/i>\u5b66\u751f\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b 6 \u4eba\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30de\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u7267\u5e2b\uff08\u5f8c\u306b\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u5927\u53f8\u6559\u3067\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u521d\u306e\u67a2\u6a5f\u537f\u3068\u306a\u308b\uff09\u304c\u5b66\u9577\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6559\u6388\u306f\u4e16\u4fd7\u306e\u53f8\u796d\u304b\u4fe1\u5f92\u6559\u6388\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e<i>\u5927\u5b66\u306f<\/i>1839 \u5e74\u306b\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f<i>\u8056\u30b8\u30e7\u30bb\u30d5<\/i>\u795e\u5b66\u6821\u3068\u63d0\u643a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30a4\u30bf\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u30f4\u30a3\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u4f1a\u3092<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=10558\">\u7ba1\u8f44<\/a><\/span>\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u306f 1861 \u5e74\u306b\u9589\u6821\u3057\u3001\u6570\u5e74\u5f8c\u306b\u30c8\u30ed\u30a4\u3067\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u518d\u958b\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u30e8\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30ba\u306e\u30c0\u30f3\u30a6\u30c3\u30c7\u30a3\u306b<i>\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8 \u30b8\u30e7\u30bb\u30d5\u795e\u5b66\u6821<\/i>\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5730\u4f4d\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p><p> 1846 \u5e74 4 \u6708 10 \u65e5\u3001<i>\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8 \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30ba\u5927\u5b66\u306f<\/i><i>\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af<\/i>\u5dde\u8b70\u4f1a\u304b\u3089\u300c\u61b2\u7ae0\u300d\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308a\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u3001\u82b8\u8853\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=63745\">\u533b\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u306e\u5b66\u4f4d\u3092\u6388\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u6a29\u9650\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ba\u304c\u30b1\u30f3\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30fc\u5dde\u3067\u6d3b\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u30a4\u30a8\u30ba\u30b9\u4f1a\u58eb\u306e\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u79fb\u4f4f\u3057\u3066\u5f7c\u306e\u5b66\u6821\u3067\u50cd\u304f\u3088\u3046\u8aac\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305f\u306e\u3082 1846 \u5e74\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ba\u3068\u30a4\u30a8\u30ba\u30b9\u4f1a\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306e\u5408\u610f\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30af\u30b9\u533a\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u90fd\u5e02\u3060\u3063\u305f\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306b\u3082\u5b66\u6821\u3092\u958b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u898f\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u3059\u3050\u306b\u305d\u308c\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u305f\u3002 1947 \u5e74 9 \u6708\u3001\u5f8c\u306b<i>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u3068\u306a\u308b\u30de\u30f3\u30cf\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u521d\u306e\u5b66\u6821\u304c\u3001<\/i>\u6709\u540d\u306a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30d6 \u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c4\u5730\u533a\u8fd1\u304f\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc \u30a4\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8 \u30b5\u30a4\u30c9\u306e<i>\u30a8\u30ea\u30b6\u30d9\u30b9 \u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30c8<\/i>\u3068<i>\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc 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href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=7958\">\u30d3\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8<\/a><\/span>\u306e 3 \u756a<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=77307\">\u8857<\/a><\/span>\u306b\u3042\u308b\u5efa\u7269\u3092\u501f\u308a\u3066\u4f4f\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1861 \u5e74\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5b66\u6821 (\u540d\u524d\u304c<i>\u8056\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b7\u30b9\u30b3 \u30b6\u30d3\u30a8\u30eb\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f) \u306f\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u8a8d\u53ef\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6a5f\u95a2\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30d6\u30ed\u30f3\u30af\u30b9\u306e<i>\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8 \u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u30ba \u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u306e\u30a4\u30a8\u30ba\u30b9\u4f1a<\/i>\u3068\u65b0\u3057\u3044<i>\u8056\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b7\u30b9\u30b3 \u30b6\u30d3\u30a8\u30eb\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u304c\u6b8b\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30de\u30f3\u30cf\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u306e<i>\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b7\u30b9\u30b3\u30fb\u30b6\u30d3\u30a8\u30eb<\/i>\u3002<\/p><h3><span>\u65b0\u3057\u3044<span>\u4e16\u7d00<\/span>(1901 \uff5e 1950 \u5e74)<\/span><\/h3><p> 1905 \u5e74\u306b<i>\u6cd5\u79d1<\/i>\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u3068\u533b\u5b66\u90e8 (\u73fe\u5728\u306f\u5ec3\u6b62) \u304c\u8ffd\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u30011907 \u5e74\u306b\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f<i>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f (\u5143\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u5b66\u6821\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306b\u3082\u304b\u304b\u308f\u3089\u305a\u3001\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306f\u540c\u3058\u304f\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8 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href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=67525\">\u6d45\u702c\u306e<\/a><\/span>\u8fd1\u304f\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u690d\u6c11\u5730\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u96c6\u843d\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u82f1\u56fd\u306e\u53f8\u796d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3 \u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u7267\u5e2b\u306e\u3044\u305a\u308c\u304b\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p><i>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u5c40\u306f<\/i>\u30011938 \u5e74\u4ee5\u6765<i>\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u5354\u4f1a<\/i>(AAUP) \u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u300c\u5927\u5b66\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u89b3\u3068\u4f1d\u7d71\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3001\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u51fa\u73fe\u300d\u3092\u652f\u63f4\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b 1907 \u5e74\u306b\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4fa1\u5024\u89b3\u3068\u4f1d\u7d71\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a2\u3068\u5b66\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u306e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=74347\">\u666e\u53ca\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u4f1d\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059<\/a><\/span>\u3002\u300d\u5f7c\u5973\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u6587\u5b66\u3068\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7279\u306b\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u5546\u696d\u3001\u653f\u6cbb<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=43242\">\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u6587\u5b66\u3084\u7f8e\u8853\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u51fa\u7248\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u3053\u306e\u51fa\u7248<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=73105\">\u793e\u306f<\/a><\/span>\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u90fd\u5e02\u570f\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u672c\u3084\u4e00\u822c\u5411\u3051\u306e\u672c\u3082\u51fa\u7248\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><p> 1913 \u5e74\u3001<i>\u8056\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b7\u30b9\u30b3 \u30b6\u30d3\u30a8\u30eb\u5927\u5b66\u306e<\/i>\u9589\u9396\u304c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b<i>\u30b6\u30d3\u30a8\u30eb\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b66\u6821\u306f<\/i>\u9589\u9396\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306f\u518d\u3073\u30de\u30f3\u30cf\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u3067\u5b66\u6821\u3092\u958b\u304d\u59cb\u3081\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c<span>\u30a6\u30fc\u30eb\u30ef\u30fc\u30b9\u30d3\u30eb<\/span>\uff08\u5f53\u6642<span>\u4e16\u754c<\/span>\u3067\u6700\u3082\u9ad8\u3044\u5efa\u7269\uff09\u3067\u3082\u5b66\u6821\u3092\u958b\u304d\u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=33054\">\u9ad8\u5c64\u30d3\u30eb<\/a><\/span>\u306e\u88c5\u98fe\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5eca\u4e0b\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ba \u30d2\u30eb \u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u306e\u7530\u820e\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u306f\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306b\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3059\u3050\u306b\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306e\u300c\u5927\u7406\u77f3\u306e<i>\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9<\/i>\u300d\u3068\u540d\u4ed8\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<i>\u30a6\u30fc\u30eb\u30ef\u30fc\u30b9<\/i>\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7d4c\u55b6<i>\u5b66\u90e8<\/i>\u3084<i>\u6559\u80b2<\/i><i>\u5b66\u90e8<\/i>\u306a\u3069\u3001\u9577\u3044<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=82055\">\u6642\u9593<\/a><\/span>\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e<i>\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u304c\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=68283\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21<\/a><\/span>\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u306e\u3055\u306a\u304b\u3001\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306f\u5b66\u6821\u3092\u30de\u30f3\u30cf\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u5e02\u5e81\u820e\u306e\u6570<i>\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af<\/i><span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=73189\">\u5317\u3001<\/a><\/span><i>\u30d6\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4 302 \u756a\u5730<\/i>\u306b\u3042\u308b\u65b0\u3057\u3044<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=9117\">\u4f4f\u6240<\/a><\/span>\u306b\u79fb\u8ee2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u4e21\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u3067\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f<i>\u30a4\u30b0\u30ca\u30c6\u30a3\u30a6\u30b9\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u304b\u3089<i>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u6559\u990a\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u304c\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6226\u5f8c\u6570\u5e74\u9593\u3001\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u30de\u30f3\u30cf\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u3078\u306e\u62e1\u5927\u3092\u7d9a\u3051\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u3059\u3050\u306b\u5e02\u5185\u306b\u30aa\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u3092\u7f6e\u304f\u305f\u3081\u306e\u3088\u308a\u5e83\u3044\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u63a2\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4f59\u5100\u306a\u304f\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p><h3><span>\u5909\u5316\u3068\u6a5f\u4f1a (1951-2000)<\/span><\/h3><div><div> <figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"aligncenter\" onerror=\"this.style.display=none;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/D4ijzE0kAbw\/0.jpg\" style=\"width:100%;\"\/><\/figure><div>\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc \u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b<i>\u30ec\u30aa\u30f3 \u30ed\u30fc\u30a6\u30a7\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30f3 \u30d3\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0<\/i>\u3002<\/div><\/div><\/div><p>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306b\u6700\u5927\u306e\u30c1\u30e3\u30f3\u30b9\u304c\u8a2a\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f 1950 \u5e74\u4ee3\u3067\u3001\u30de\u30f3\u30cf\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u306e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=27752\">\u897f\u5074<\/a><\/span>\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6642\u4ee3\u9045\u308c\u306e\u4f4f\u5b85\u3092\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u821e\u53f0\u82b8\u8853\u8907\u5408\u65bd\u8a2d\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u65bd\u8a2d\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b<i>\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30b9\u30af\u30a8\u30a2\u30ea\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30a2\u30eb \u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8<\/i><span>\u3001<\/span>\u307e\u305f\u306f\u3088\u308a\u53e3\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u306f<i>\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30b9\u30af\u30a8\u30a2<\/i>\u3078\u306e\u53c2\u52a0\u3092\u62db\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u821e\u53f0\u82b8\u8853\u3002\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306b\u95a2\u4e0e\u3057\u305f\u5e02\u306e\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306b\u672c\u683c\u7684\u306b\u95a2\u4e0e\u3057\u3001 <sup>60 \u756a<\/sup>\u8857\u3068<sup>62 \u756a<\/sup>\u8857\u306e\u9593\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30b3\u30ed\u30f3\u30d0\u30b9 \u30a2\u30d9\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u3068\u30a2\u30e0\u30b9\u30c6\u30eb\u30c0\u30e0 \u30a2\u30d9\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u306e\u9593\u306e\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206<span>\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/span>\u3002\u6620\u753b<i>\u300c\u30a6\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8 \u30b5\u30a4\u30c9 \u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30ea\u30fc\u300d<\/i>\u306e\u4e00\u90e8 (\u3053\u306e\u5730\u533a\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f) \u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306f\u3001\u5efa\u8a2d\u304c\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u64ae\u5f71\u3055\u308c\u30011961 \u5e74\u306b\u6cd5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9662 (<i>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0 \u30ed\u30fc \u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb<\/i>) \u304c\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6700\u521d\u306e\u5efa\u7269\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<i>\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3\u30b9\u30af\u30a8\u30a2\u30ea\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30a2\u30eb\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8<\/i>\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001<i>\u30e1\u30c8\u30ed\u30dd\u30ea\u30bf\u30f3\u6b4c\u5287\u5834<\/i>\u3001<i>\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u30fb\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30cf\u30fc\u30e2\u30cb\u30c3\u30af<\/i>\u3001<i>\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u30fb\u30b7\u30c6\u30a3\u30fb\u30d0\u30ec\u30a8<\/i>\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=65541\">\u30b8\u30e5\u30ea\u30a2\u30fc\u30c9\u97f3\u697d\u9662\u304c<\/a><\/span>\u3053\u306e\u540c\u3058\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306b\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306b\u53c2\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p><p>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u306e<i>\u30ec\u30aa\u30f3\u30fb\u30ed\u30fc\u30a6\u30a7\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30d3\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0<\/i>\u306e\u5de5\u4e8b\u304c\u9032\u3080\u306b\u3064\u308c\u3066\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306f<i>\u30d6\u30ed\u30c0\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4302<\/i>\u756a\u5730\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b<i>\u306e<\/i><i>\u5b66\u90e8\u3092<\/i>\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u5ec3\u6b62\u3057\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5b66\u6821\u3067\u3042\u308b<i>\u30ea\u30d9\u30e9\u30eb\u30a2\u30fc\u30c4\u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8<\/i>\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u30011968 \u5e74\u306b\u958b\u6821\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f<i>\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc \u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8<\/i>\u306b\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1969 \u5e74 1 \u6708\u3001\u904b\u55b6\u306e 2 \u5b66\u671f\u4e2d\u306b\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044<i>\u5927\u5b66\u306f<\/i>\u30ed\u30fc\u30a6\u30a7\u30f3\u30b7\u30e5\u30bf\u30a4\u30f3 \u30d3\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u65bd\u8a2d\u306b\u79fb\u8ee2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u5185\u3002\u6cd5\u79d1<i>\u5927\u5b66\u9662<\/i>\u3068<i>\u5b66\u90e8\u306b\u306f<\/i>\u3059\u3050\u306b<i>\u7d4c\u55b6\u5927\u5b66\u9662<\/i>\u3001<i>\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u9662<\/i>\u3001<i>\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u7949\u5927\u5b66\u9662<\/i>\u304c\u52a0\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1969 \u5e74\u3001\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6a5f\u95a2\u3092\u6539\u7d44\u3057\u3001\u4fe1\u5f92\u306e\u6559\u6388\u304c\u904e\u534a\u6570\u3092\u5360\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u6a5f\u95a2\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p><p> 133 \u5e74\u9593\u7537\u5b50\u3060\u3051\u3067\u6559\u80b2\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f 1974 \u5e74\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30ba \u30d2\u30eb \u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u306f<i>\u30c8\u30fc\u30de\u30b9 \u30e2\u30a2 \u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8<\/i>(1964 \u5e74\u306e\u5275\u8a2d\u4ee5\u6765\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u4ed8\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u5973\u5b50<i>\u5927\u5b66<\/i>) \u3068<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=32314\">\u5408\u4f75\u3057<\/a><\/span>\u3001\u7537\u5973\u6df7\u5408\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1993 \u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=68993\">\u5408\u8a08<\/a><\/span>850 \u4eba\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u3092\u53ce\u5bb9\u3067\u304d\u308b 20 \u968e<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=9836\">\u5efa\u3066<\/a><\/span>\u306e\u5b66\u751f\u5bee\u304c\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 1996 \u5e74\u306b\u3001<i>\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u306f<\/i>\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0 \u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8 \u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u6539\u540d\u3055\u308c<i>\u307e\u3057<\/i>\u305f\u3002<\/p><h3><span>\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u62e1\u5f35 (2001-2007)<\/span><\/h3><p><i>\u30e1\u30a2\u30ea\u30fc\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u5927\u5b66\u306f<\/i>\u30011907 \u5e74\u306b<i>\u30e1\u30a2\u30ea\u30fc\u8056\u5fc3<\/i>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8a2d\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u5973\u6027\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u3042\u308a\u30012002 \u5e74 7 \u6708\u306b\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u3068\u5408\u4f75\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u30011970 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u8ca1\u653f\u96e3\u306b<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=101311\">\u9665\u3063\u3066<\/a><\/span>\u3044\u305f\u3068\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u306f 2005 \u5e74 10 \u6708\u306b\u5ba3\u8a00\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<i>\u30e1\u30ea\u30fc\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u5927\u5b66\u306f<\/i>2007 \u5e74 6 \u6708\u307e\u3067\u306b\u5ec3\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4e88\u5b9a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30bf\u30ea\u30fc\u30bf\u30a6\u30f3\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d1\u30b9\u306b\u306f\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u3068\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u5927\u5b66\u9662 (<i>\u5b97\u6559\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u9662<\/i>) \u306e\u6577\u5730\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u53e4\u3044\u5973\u5b50<i>\u5927\u5b66<\/i>\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u884c\u653f\u95a2\u4fc2\u8005\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8ca1\u653f\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u304c\u6a5f\u69cb\u89e3\u4f53\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002<\/p><p> 2005 \u5e74 8 \u6708\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306f\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 \u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u7d04 140,000 \u5e73\u65b9\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u6559\u5ba4\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u3001\u5b66\u8853\u4f4f\u5b85\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u6570<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=31704\">\u5341\u5104<\/a><\/span>\u30c9\u30eb\u306e\u8907\u6570\u5e74\u8a08\u753b\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5de5\u4e8b\u306f\u3001<i>\u30af\u30a4\u30f3<\/i>\u56f3\u66f8\u9928\u306e\u62e1\u5f35\u3068\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6cd5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u306e\u5efa\u7269\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u3001<span><a href=\"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=45626\">\u5bee<\/a><\/span>\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u99d0\u8eca\u5834\u306e\u5efa\u8a2d\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306a\u308b\u4f5c\u696d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u90e8\u3001\u30bd\u30fc\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30b9\u30af\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5efa\u8a2d\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ea\u30f3\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u3067\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u307f\u306f\u3001\u7c73\u56fd\u3067\u6700\u9ad8\u306e\u30ab\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u95a2\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76ee\u6a19\u306b\u63b2\u3052\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u4e00\u74b0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6226\u7565\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u7b2c1\u5f3e\u306f\u300c <i>2016<\/i>\u5e74\u306b\u5411\u3051\u3066\u300d\u3068\u984c\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5275\u7acb175\u5e74\u9593\u306e\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\u306e\u9054\u6210\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><\/div><h2 class=\"ref_link\">\u53c2\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/h2><ol><li><a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u2013 arabe<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/arz.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u2013 arabe \u00e9gyptien<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/azb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88\">\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u2013 South Azerbaijani<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Universitat_de_Fordham\">Universitat de Fordham \u2013 catalan<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/ckb.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%DB%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%86%D8%B1%D8%AF%DA%BE%D8%A7%D9%85\">\u0632\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u06c6\u06cc \u0641\u06c6\u0631\u062f\u06be\u0627\u0645 \u2013 sorani<\/a><\/li><li> <a class=\"notranslate\" href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fordham_University\">Fordham University \u2013 tch\u00e8que<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n<div class=\"feature-video\">\n <h2>\n  \u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u30fb\u95a2\u9023\u52d5\u753b\n <\/h2>\n <div class=\"video-item\">\n  \n  <figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n   <div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n    <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"2022\u5e74\u5ea6\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u590f\u671f\u77ed\u671f\u7814\u4fee\uff08\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u30fb\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\uff09\u958b\u50ac\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff01\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HxbJisYfX9c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n   <\/div>\n  <\/figure>\n  \n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5c0e\u5165 \u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66 \u901a\u8ca8 \u30b5\u30d4\u30a8\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30a2\u3068\u30c9\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30ca() \u5143\u306e\u540d\u524d \u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66 \u60c5\u5831 \u8ca1\u56e3 1841\u5e74 \u89aa\u5207 \u79c1\u7acb\u3001\u30ab\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3001\u30a4\u30a8\u30ba\u30b9\u4f1a\u5927\u5b66 \u5bc4\u4ed8\u91d1 3\u51047,200\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb \u4f4d\u7f6e \u5e02 \u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af \u56fd \u7c73\u56fd \u30ad\u30e3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24415,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/HxbJisYfX9c\/0.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30c0\u30e0\u5927\u5b66\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u89e3\u8aac","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[11,13,14,10,25977,25976,12,687,8,16,15,9],"class_list":["post-24414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dictionary","tag-techniques","tag-technologie","tag-news","tag-actualite","tag-fordham","tag-universite-fordham","tag-dossier","tag-universite","tag-definition","tag-sciences","tag-article","tag-explications"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24414"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24414"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24414\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/24415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}