{"id":56525,"date":"2024-06-21T13:38:20","date_gmt":"2024-06-21T13:38:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/%E9%81%A9%E5%88%87%E3%81%AA%E6%99%82%E9%96%93-%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9\/"},"modified":"2024-06-21T13:38:20","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T13:38:20","slug":"%E9%81%A9%E5%88%87%E3%81%AA%E6%99%82%E9%96%93-%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science-hub.click\/?p=56525","title":{"rendered":"\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u9593 – \u5b9a\u7fa9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5c0e\u5165<\/h2>

\u76f8\u5bfe\u8ad6\u3067\u306f\u56fa\u6709\u6642\u9593\u3092\u300c\u56fa\u6709\u6642\u9593\u300d<\/b>\u3068\u547c\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002

$$ { \\tau \\,} $$<\/div>\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u6642\u9593\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u5185\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u7c92\u5b50\u304c\u52d5\u304b\u306a\u3044\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u5185\u3067\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>

\u7279\u6b8a\u76f8\u5bfe\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u3067\u306f\u30012 \u3064\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u9593<\/a><\/span>\u9593\u9694\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u304c\u7a7a\u9593\u5185\u306e\u540c\u3058\u5834\u6240\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u6163\u6027\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u5185\u3067\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u6642\u9593<\/a><\/span>\u9593\u9694\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>

\n\"\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u9593<\/figure>

\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3068\u7279\u6027<\/h2>

\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u30f3\u529b\u5b66<\/a><\/span>\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d76\u5bfe\u6642\u9593\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3067\u7d76\u5bfe\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7269\u4f53\u306e\u52d5\u304d\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u5185\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u5ea7\u6a19 ( x, y, z<\/i> ) \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u79fb\u52d5\u4f53\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u6642\u9593t<\/i>\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059<\/span>\u3002\u76f8\u5bfe\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u3067\u306f\u3001<\/a><\/span>\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u6642\u9593\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u305b\u305a\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3092\u7a7a\u9593\u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u63a8\u8ad6\u3057\u3001\u5404\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u5834\u6240 M \u3068\u6642\u9593<\/a><\/span>t<\/i>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7279\u5fb4\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u7269\u4f53\u306b\u4ed8\u968f\u3059\u308b\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u4e16\u754c<\/a><\/span>\u7dda\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>

\u5b87\u5b99\u8239\u304c\u5b87\u5b99\u7a7a\u9593\u3092\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3<\/span>\u304c\u505c\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/a><\/span>\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044 (\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u6163\u6027\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u3067\u3059)\u3002\u5ba2\u5ba4\u5185\u306b\u3042\u308b\u6642\u8a08 (\u3053\u306e\u6642\u8a08\u304c\u30ed\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u6642\u523b<\/i>\u3068\u547c\u3076\u3082\u306e\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059) \u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u9593\u9694\u3067\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3092\u767a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u60f3\u50cf\u3057\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f 2 \u3064\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u9593\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u6642\u9593\u9593\u9694\u3092\u0394\u03c4 \u3068<\/span>\u547c\u3073\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u6b21\u306b\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u304c\u81ea\u5206\u306e\u524d\u3092\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u901f\u5ea6<\/a><\/span>\u3067\u901a\u904e\u3059\u308b<\/a><\/span>\u30ed\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8<\/span>\u3092\u898b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5225\u306e\u6163\u6027\u57fa\u6e96\u7cfb\u3092\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u306f\u6642\u8a08\u3092\u540c\u671f\u3055\u305b\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30ed\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306e\u524d\u3092\u901a\u904e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u767a\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u9583\u5149\u3092\u89b3\u5bdf\u3057\u3001\u6642\u9593<\/a><\/span>\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e 2 \u756a\u76ee\u306e\u6163\u6027\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u3067\u306f\u30012 \u3064\u306e\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5 (2 \u3064\u306e\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8) \u306e\u9593\u9694\u306f 2 \u3064\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7279\u5fb4\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f 2 \u3064\u306e\u5834\u6240\u9593\u3067\u89b3\u6e2c\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7a7a\u9593\u8ddd\u96e2\u0394 l<\/i><\/span>\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u9593\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u0394 t \u3067\u3059<\/i><\/span>\u3002<\/p>

\u30a2\u30a4\u30f3\u30b7\u30e5\u30bf\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u516c\u7406\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u3001\u7279\u6b8a\u76f8\u5bfe\u6027\u7406\u8ad6<\/a><\/span>\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u539f\u7406\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u4f7f\u7528\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u7b49\u5f0f\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 <\/p>

$$ { c^2 \\Delta \\tau^2 \\,=\\, c^2 \\Delta t^2 – \\Delta l^2 } $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u3001\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62<\/a><\/span>c<\/i> 2<\/sup> \u0394\u03c4 2<\/sup><\/span>\u306f\u3001\u30ed\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u5185\u3067\u4f55\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u304b\u306e\u307f\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9078\u629e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u89b3\u6e2c<\/span>\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u306b\u306f\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308c\u3070\u3001 \u0394 l<\/i><\/span>\u3068\u0394 t<\/i><\/span>\u306e\u5024\u306f\u8ffd\u8de1\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u8005\u306f\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a08\u7b97\u3055\u308c\u305f\u0394\u03c4 2<\/sup><\/span>\u306e\u5024\u306b\u540c\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u30011\u30012\u3001… \u3068\u3044\u3046\u756a\u53f7\u304c\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u6163\u6027\u7cfb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 <\/p>

$$ { c^2 \\Delta \\tau^2 \\,=\\, c^2 \\Delta t_1^2 – \\Delta l_1^2 = c^2 \\Delta t_2^2 – \\Delta l_2^2 = \\cdots} $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u4ee5\u6765<\/p>

$$ { \\, c^2 \\Delta t^2 = c^2 \\Delta \\tau^2 + \\Delta l^2 \\,} $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u5916\u90e8\u57fa\u6e96\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u3067\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f 2 \u3064\u306e\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u9593\u306e\u89b3\u6e2c\u6642\u9593\u0394t<\/i><\/span>\u306f\u3001\u5e38\u306b\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6301\u7d9a\u6642\u9593\u0394\u03c4<\/span>\u3088\u308a\u3082\u9577\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/i>\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30ed\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u5185\u3067\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b 2 \u3064\u306e\u6240\u5b9a\u306e\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u9593\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u6642\u9593\u306f\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u304c\u767a\u5c04\u3055\u308c\u308b\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u7cfb\u306e\u5916\u5074\u306e\u6642\u8a08\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5916\u90e8\u3067\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6642\u9593\u3088\u308a\u3082\u5e38\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6642\u8a08\u304c\u9045\u304f\u306a\u308b<\/span>\u73fe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u6709\u540d\u306a\u53cc\u5b50\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30c9\u30c3\u30af\u30b9<\/a><\/span>\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>

\n\"\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u9593<\/figure>

\u30c6\u30f3\u30bd\u30eb\u5b9a\u5f0f\u5316<\/h2>

\u8a08\u91cf\u30c6\u30f3\u30bd\u30eb<\/a><\/span>

$$ {\\mathbf{g}} $$<\/div> 2 \u3064\u306e\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8 E1 \u3068 E2 \u9593\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u53c2\u7167\u7cfb\u3067\u306f\u3001E1 \u3068 E2 \u3092\u7d50\u3076\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002 <\/p>
$$ {(dx^\\mu)\\,=\\, (c\\cdot dt, dx, dy, dz)} $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001 \u03bc\u306f<\/i>4\u3064\u306e\u50240\u30011\u30012\u30013\u3092\u6301\u3064\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>

\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u56fa\u6709\u6642\u9593\u306e 2 \u4e57\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u5f0f\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 <\/p>

$$ { c^2 d\\tau^2=g_{\\mu\\nu}\\ {\\rm d}x^\\mu\\ {\\rm d}x^\\nu } $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u305d\u3057\u3066\u516c\u5f0f\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u5316\u3059\u308b<\/a><\/span><\/p>

$$ {c^2 d\\tau^2 = c^2 dt^2 -dx^2 -dy^2 -dz^2\\,} $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u30c6\u30f3\u30bd\u30eb\u304c

$$ {g_{\\mu\\nu}\\,} $$<\/div>\u30df\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u6307\u6a19\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/p>
$$ {\\eta_{\\mu \\nu} \\equiv \\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0\\\\ 0 & -1 & 0 & 0 \\\\ 0 & 0 & -1 & 0 \\\\ 0 & 0 & 0 & -1\\end{bmatrix} \\ } $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6642\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2c<\/i> 2<\/sup> d\u03c4<\/i> 2 \u306e<\/sup>2 \u4e57\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u30012 \u3064\u306e\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u9593\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2d\u03c3<\/i> 2<\/sup>\u306e 2 \u4e57\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306e\u91cf\u306f<\/a><\/span>\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 <\/p>

$$ {d\\sigma^2 = -c^2 dt^2 +dx^2 +dy^2 +dz^2\\,.} $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u6700\u521d\u306e\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9 (\u6642\u9593\u9593\u9694\u306e 2 \u4e57) \u3067\u306f\u3001\u7f72\u540d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a71\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 <\/p>

$$ {\\,\\eta_{\\mu\\nu} = \\rm{diagonale}\\ (1, -1, -1, -1)} $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl>

\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7f72\u540d\u306e 2 \u756a\u76ee (\u7a7a\u9593\u9593\u9694\u306e 2 \u4e57) \u3067\u306f\u3001 <\/p>

$$ {\\,\\eta_{\\mu\\nu} = \\rm{diagonale}\\ (-1, 1, 1, 1)\\,.} $$<\/div><\/dd><\/dl><\/div>
\n\"\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u9593<\/figure>

\u53c2\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/h2>
  1. \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u2013 arabe<\/a><\/li>
  2. \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4 \u09b8\u09ae\u09af\u09bc \u2013 bengali<\/a><\/li>
  3. Temps propi \u2013 catalan<\/a><\/li>
  4. Vlastn\u00ed \u010das \u2013 tch\u00e8que<\/a><\/li>
  5. \u0425\u0103\u0439 \u0432\u0103\u0445\u0103\u0442 \u2013 tchouvache<\/a><\/li>
  6. Egentid \u2013 danois<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n
    \n

    \n \u9069\u5207\u306a\u6642\u9593 – \u5b9a\u7fa9\u30fb\u95a2\u9023\u52d5\u753b\n <\/h2>\n
    \n \n
    \n
    \n